In this study we have characterised the types and size of sediment in clear and cloudy urine, and subsequently investigated the ability of conventional eyelet catheters and the new Microhole-Zone Technology catheter, Luja™ to drain them.

urine types

Clear/normal urine

Contains sediments up to 200μm (crystals, proteins, cells). Micro-hole Zone Technology catheters are able to drain clear urine efficiently.1

Cloudy urine*

Contains sediments up to 200μm (crystals, proteins, cells) but higher quantity compared to clear urine. Micro-hole Zone Technology catheters are able to drain cloudy urine efficiently1,.2

*Cloudy urine appears not-transparent when placed in front of a light source (Dr. Giovani Fogazzi; personal communication)

Cloudy urine* with many visible particles & debris

Contains sediments and large particles visible to the naked eye (such as bigger particles,  mucus, debris). Micro-hole Zone Technology catheters should be applied with caution if patients are producing urine with many particles clearly distinguishable to the naked eye.1,2

*Cloudy urine appears not-transparent when placed in front of a light source (Dr. Giovani Fogazzi; personal communication)

Analysis of sediment in normal urine 1

  • Urine was collected as part of 3 exploratory pre-clinical studies.2 
  • Each subject was catheterised both with conventional eyelet catheter and Micro-hole Zone catheter prototypes.  
  • The samples were collected with minimum 3 days interval.2 
  • The number, size and type of sediment was analysed via automated microscopy.2

Results

For all subjects there was no statistical difference in the ability of draining sediments between Micro-hole Zone Technology catheters and conventional eyelet catheters. The Micro-hole Zone Catheter additionally drained sediment of larger size.3

Analysis of cloudy urine -/+ visible particles

Samples of complicated/cloudy urine were collected from Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen. Denmark to test capabilities of the Micro-hole Zone Technology catheter.1,

The urine samples were placed in a drainage cup and the ability of  both Micro-hole Zone Technology catheters and conventional eyelet catheters to drain the urine samples was tested.1,

Results

  • Both Micro-hole Zone Technology catheters and conventional eyelet catheters could drain cloudy urine1

 The Micro-hole Zone Technology catheter should be applied with caution if the patient produces urine with many particles clearly distinguishable to the naked eye.1

Conclusion

Micro-hole Zone Technology catheters can efficiently drain clear urine and cloudy urine without visible particles, but they should be applied with caution if a patient produces urine with many clearly distinguishable particles.1,2

Ability of new Micro-hole Zone catheters to drain sediment compared to conventional eyelet catheters

Ability of new Micro-hole Zone catheters to drain sediment compared to conventional eyelet catheters

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